class Connection1:
"""新方案——对每个状态定义一个类"""
def __init__(self):
self.new_state(ClosedConnectionState)
def new_state(self, newstate):
self._state = newstate
# Delegate to the state class
def read(self):
return self._state.read(self)
def write(self, data):
return self._state.write(self, data)
def open(self):
return self._state.open(self)
def close(self):
return self._state.close(self)
# Connection state base class
class ConnectionState:
@staticmethod
def read(conn):
raise NotImplementedError()
@staticmethod
def write(conn, data):
raise NotImplementedError()
@staticmethod
def open(conn):
raise NotImplementedError()
@staticmethod
def close(conn):
raise NotImplementedError()
# Implementation of different states
class ClosedConnectionState(ConnectionState):
@staticmethod
def read(conn):
raise RuntimeError('Not open')
@staticmethod
def write(conn, data):
raise RuntimeError('Not open')
@staticmethod
def open(conn):
conn.new_state(OpenConnectionState)
@staticmethod
def close(conn):
raise RuntimeError('Already closed')
class OpenConnectionState(ConnectionState):
@staticmethod
def read(conn):
print('reading')
@staticmethod
def write(conn, data):
print('writing')
@staticmethod
def open(conn):
raise RuntimeError('Already open')
@staticmethod
def close(conn):
conn.new_state(ClosedConnectionState)
下面是使用演示:
>>> c = Connection()
>>> c._state
<class '__main__.ClosedConnectionState'>
>>> c.read()
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "example.py", line 10, in read
return self._state.read(self)
File "example.py", line 43, in read
raise RuntimeError('Not open')
RuntimeError: Not open
>>> c.open()